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Metabolic adaptation is an important survival strategy for c
2022-03-23
Metabolic adaptation is an important survival strategy for cancer cells within the hypoxic tumor environment. Under the condition of O2 limitation, metabolic pathways shift from energy-efficient oxidative phosphorylation to the anaerobic glycolysis pathway for the purpose of ATP generation [13,43].
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In our study we found that HER
2022-03-23
In our study, we found that HER2-mutant lung cancers occurred commonly in female patients with an advanced stage at time of diagnosis and in a relatively younger age group. Previously, Mazières et al. [8] obtained comparable epidemiological findings, including a median age of 60 years, a high propor
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The concentration of rapamycin that gave half maximal induct
2022-03-23
The concentration of rapamycin that gave half-maximal induction of the expression of HO-1 and Prx-1 mRNA in normal hepatocytes was 0.05 μM, with maximal induction at about 0.1 μM rapamycin. While, at rapamycin concentrations higher than 0.1 μM, the degree of enzyme induction decreased, elevated expr
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FoxM a downstream target of Gli
2022-03-23
FoxM1, a downstream target of Gli, has been mainly related to SU5416 regulation and cellular proliferation in tumor (Alvarez-Fernandez and Medema, 2013, Halasi and Gartel, 2013, Teh et al., 2002). Especially, FoxM1 is a regulator of G1/S and G2/M transitions and M-phase progression (Wonsey & Follett
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Others demonstrated that Paneth cells maintain stem
2022-03-23
Others demonstrated that Paneth cells maintain stem cell function and crypt homeostasis by providing metabolic lactate to sustain the enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in the Lgr5+ ISCs (Rodriguez-Colman et al., 2017), which substantially agrees with our findings in this study. Furthe
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Consistent with other studies on the metabolic effects of an
2022-03-22
Consistent with other studies on the metabolic effects of an OM3 enriched diet [26,104,105], irrespective of gender, the lowest glucose levels were seen in the Bob-Cat groups fed OM3 diet. Sexual dimorphism was observed in insulin levels. The highest average levels were in the HFD fed [Tg(CAT)±] mal
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Tamoxifen is still the most frequently used selective estrog
2022-03-22
Tamoxifen is still the most frequently used selective estrogen receptor mediator (SERM) in premenopausal women suffering from estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast carcinomas [15]. Although this therapy has been proven very successful, about 20–30% of ER+ breast tumors will not respond, or acquire
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br Ligand binding free energies In order to compute
2022-03-22
Ligand-binding free energies In order to compute the absolute free Hydroxyurea associated with binding a ligand to a flexible iGluR LBD, a theory that accounts for all the principal thermodynamic contributions from ligand docking and LBD closure had to be developed. This was accomplished using an
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Ning et al showed that LPC appeared
2022-03-22
Ning et al. showed that LPC 18:1 appeared to increase insulin release through both GPR119-dependent and -independent mechanisms (Ning et al., 2008). In our study, we have shown that not only GPR119 but also GPR40 and GPR55 participate in LPC-stimulated insulin secretion (Fig. 4, Fig. 5) and target p
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Peripheral injury or disease induced alterations in
2022-03-22
Peripheral injury- or disease-induced alterations in synaptic efficacy occur not only at the first synapse made by the primary nociceptive afferents in the spinal dorsal horn but are also operational in several regions processing the sensorimotor as well as emotional-affective components of pain, su
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Though regulation of ghrelin interaction
2022-03-22
Though regulation of ghrelin interaction with GHSR has not been described previously, a precedent for a similar regulatory mechanism exists in the form of the interaction between Agouti-Related Protein (AgRP) and melanocortin receptor subtypes MC3R and MC4R (Ollmann, 1997). AgRP is produced by hypot
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One effective approach to fine tuning the lipophilicity
2022-03-22
One effective approach to fine-tuning the lipophilicity profile of FFA1 agonists is to ‘decorate’ the 3-phenylpropahoic 9-cis-Retinoic Acid scaffold with polar heterocyclic moieties. Alternatively, this scaffold could be replaced with heterocyclic isosteres (as in Takeda’s compounds 1,2 and 3 as wel
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erk pathway Both anxiety like behavior and sucrose
2022-03-22
Both anxiety-like behavior and sucrose preference/intake were reduced in GPR40/FFAR1 KO male mice, while social behavior was normal in KO mice. These findings indicate that brain GPR40/FFAR1 is involved in the modulation of anxiety- and depression-like behavior in rodents. Previous studies have demo
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In addition to the regulation afforded
2022-03-22
In addition to the regulation afforded by calcineurin/NFAT axis, it has been shown that deregulation of some microRNAs (e.g. miR-155) can induce activation of Fas/FasL-in various cell types [72]. Furthermore, Fas–FasL interactions appear to be an important mechanism for the maintenance of immune pri
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NADP/NADPH Quantitation Colorimetric Kit Consistent with a s
2022-03-22
Consistent with a similar study, we found economic status to be very important to domestic funding of HIV. Upper-middle-income and high-income countries are more likely to have fiscal space for health and be less reliant on external sources. Moreover, richer countries often attract larger cofinancin
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