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Even within the context of
2023-11-28
Even within the context of evidence-based interventions for tobacco screening, the science is imperfect. For example, patients who screen positive for current smoking should receive cessation counseling and prescribed known effective nicotine replacement therapy based on the Public Health Services G
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This study does have several limitations mainly related
2023-11-28
This study does have several limitations, mainly related to the DMSO vehicle. While DMSO is a known anti-inflammatory mediator,5, 12 it has been shown to upregulate ALOX5, which was not seen in this study (as we are likely underpowered to detect this difference). A manifestation of this anti-inflamm
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A previous study reported that the serotonergic
2023-11-28
A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial
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Skeletal pain associated with bone fracture is another
2023-11-28
Skeletal pain associated with bone fracture is another area of critical need for a novel pain medication. NSAIDs and opiates are the two major therapies currently used to manage bone fracture pain. However, both of these therapies lead to significant unwanted side effects. Using the osteotomy model
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At present the role of
2023-11-28
At present, the role of autophagy in neurons remains controversial. Autophagy has homeostatic and waste-recycling functions and plays a protective role in neurodegeneration diseases. Moreover, it has been thought as a programmed cell death participating in the occurrence and development of various d
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In the mammalian brain synapse
2023-11-28
In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning
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br Concluding remarks It is
2023-11-27
Concluding remarks It is clear that a disordered l-arginine homeostasis by changes in arginase, NOS and ADMA activity and expression, is not only vital in the chronic airway diseases, SC 79 and COPD, but also seems to play an important role in many co-morbidities. Unknown, however, is whether l-
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br Conclusions br Acknowledgements We would like to thank
2023-11-27
Conclusions Acknowledgements We would like to thank the members of the Bergmann lab for fruitful discussions in the course of this work. This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) under award number R35 GM118330. The content is solely the responsibili
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br Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin
2023-11-27
Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino hydroxychloroquine sulfate sale residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fra
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br Material and methods br Results
2023-11-27
Material and methods Results Discussion Didox was originally created asa cytostatic drug to inhibit cancer cell proliferation by antagonizing RNR [11]. When used to target highly proliferative cells, Didox has extensive activity in vitro and in vivo. It has also been employed in clinical st
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In conclusion there are only a
2023-11-27
In conclusion, there are only a few experimental reports evaluating the influence of Thonzonium Bromide receptor on allergy. With the exception of studies using macrolides, most point to their harmful effect on the severity of this disease. Future studies will be crucial to define the impact of ant
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Infections inflammation and corneal transplant can all
2023-11-27
Infections, inflammation, and corneal transplant can all cause corneal neovascularization via upregulation of inflammatory cytokines, which attract myeloid Octreotide acetate into the cornea. These myeloid cells establish a cycle of cytokine secretion and further myeloid cell recruitment in the cor
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br Experimental section br Acknowledgements This work
2023-11-27
Experimental section Acknowledgements This work was funded by the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC IG18590 to A.A.), by “Fondi di Ateneo-University of Pisa” years 2009 and 2010 (E. N., S. N., E. O., and A. R.) and partially by the Unipi project P.R.A.2016_27 (E. N., E.O. and A. R.
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Evidence from basic science studies
2023-11-27
Evidence from basic science studies suggests that Cd may play a role in prostate cancer through disruption of the androgen receptor (AR). AR, a hormone-activated transcription factor, is the key driver of prostate cancer progression [6]. Ironically, the AR is also required for normal prostate growth
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amatoxin br Results br Discussion Here
2023-11-27
Results Discussion Here, we uncovered a role for Wnt-Fz7 signaling in LTP-dependent spine plasticity and synaptic localization of AMPARs. We demonstrated that LTP induction increased Wnt7a/b protein at amatoxin and spines. Direct blockade of endogenous Wnts impaired LTP-mediated structural sp