• br Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling in retina of oxyg

  2024-04-09

  

  Aberrantly enhanced adenosine signaling in retina of oxygen-induced retinopathy Current therapeutic development of ROP focuses on directly targeting VEGF and HIF-1α signaling pathway (Cavallaro et al., 2014, Penn et al., 2008, Mintz-Hittner et al., 2011, Hartnett and Penn, 2012). However, cellul

• Activated MAP kinases transform the stimulus into the pathop

  2024-04-09

  

  Activated MAP kinases transform the stimulus into the pathophysiological responses by phosphorylating downstream substrates, including transcription factors, cytoskeletal proteins involved in mRNA translation (Li et al., 2015). Among the numerous effectors that intervene in the TNF-α action is an ac

• In the pituitary of R

  2024-04-09

  

  In the pituitary of R. quelen mRNA levels of cyp19a1b were found to be higher in males than females, suggesting a sex-specific function, and perhaps a local action to regulate gonadotropins or other pituitary hormone secretion (Olivereau and Callard, 1985; Zhang et al., 2014). Interestingly, the hig

• melanin inhibitor Many naphthoquinone derivatives have been

  2024-04-08

  

  Many naphthoquinone derivatives have been previously obtained from fungi in the genus Fusarium isolated from various sources, F. oxysporum from the root of citrus (Nagia and El-Mohamedy, 2007), Fusarium sp. (No. b77) from the mangrove plant (Shao et al., 2010), F. solani and F. oxysporum from fibrou

• In addition to differential expression of AR protein primari

  2024-04-08

  

  In addition to differential expression of AR protein primarily in surgical specimens, genetic alterations involving the AR gene have been documented in human auda cancer. Loss of heterozygosity at the AR locus was identified in all 3 informative cases of muscle-invasive bladder tumors, whereas, ins

• Volatile esters are important to wine quality and to

  2024-04-08

  

  Volatile esters are important to wine quality and to fresh berry grape flavor, especially in fox grapes (V. labrusca) [16]. Volatile esters such as Z-3-hexyl acetate can be found in V. vinifera ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ berries albeit at low levels and their accumulation diminishes to below detection lev

• In addition to it we

  2024-04-08

  

  In addition to it, we also showed that glycine increases miR-301a expression which directly binds to PTEN 3′UTR target sites [13]. Glycine confers neuroprotection through microRNA-301a/PTEN signaling in rats cortical neurons in oxygen deprivation model [13]. Substantial studies indicate that inhibit

• In vivo CA mediate hypoxic nutritional and

  2024-04-08

  

  In vivo CA mediate hypoxic, nutritional, and neurologic stress responses. Stimulation of ADRα2A by these hormones to reduce β-cell metabolism has an obvious role in suppressing insulin secretion (Arun, 2004). Since β-cell metabolism and insulin secretion are linked, mechanisms that inhibit metabolis

• Adiponectin also suppresses inflammatory stimuli

  2024-04-08

  

  Adiponectin also suppresses inflammatory stimuli-induced NF-kappaB activation, which may significantly contribute to the anti-diabetic and anti-atherogenic effects of adiponectin (Ouchi et al., 2000). The downstream mediators of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, RPPAR and AMPK increase inflammatory responses by

• br Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is

  2024-04-08

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterised by failure of transmission at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). In 80–85% of myasthenia gravis patients, the disease is mediated by antibodies to the nicotinic (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate receptor (AChR; (Lindstrom et

• The total IgG concentration decreased from

  2024-04-08

  

  The total IgG concentration decreased from a mean of 997 mg/100 ml before treatment to a mean of 696 after treatment in the MuSK+MG patients, and from a mean of 1736 mg/100 ml to a mean of 802 mg/100 ml in the AChR+MG patients (normal values 723–1685 mg/100 ml). This decrement was also statistically

• It is well known that

  2024-04-08

  

  It is well known that the thymus plays an important function in the complex pathogenesis and perpetuation of MG. We compared resistin levels between patients with MG with or without thymoma and found that those with thymoma had higher levels than those without thymoma. It has been previously recogni

• The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal HPA axis

  2024-04-08

  

  The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that is central to regulating responses to stress (Palazidou, 2012). In older persons, a high dysfunction of the HPA axis is observed (Otte et al., 2005) which may be enhanced by stimulatory effects of genes involved in the axi

• It has been reported that

  2024-04-08

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote abscisic acid injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However, differential

• These PrPIF are detected in untreated brain

  2024-04-07

  

  These PrPIF are detected in untreated DBU receptor extracts but are consistently enriched following proteinase K (PK) treatment. The biochemical characterization of pathologic PrP has been carried out in most hereditary PrP cerebral amyloidosis associated with PrP mutations and the biochemical PrP p

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