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Consistent with prior reports this study also found
2021-08-13
Consistent with prior reports, this study also found the level of 11 cytokines (MIF, IL-1Ra, CTACK, M-CSF, Basic FGF, VCAM-1, SDF-1α, IL-8, IL-16, PDGF-β, and GRO-α) significantly decreased in the sera of adult HFMD patients in comparison with controls. MIF is a pro-inflammaory cytokine that is asso
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In this study we observed alterations in mRNA
2021-08-13
In this study, we observed alterations in mRNA levels of CRF receptors in the PFCx and Hip during the development of sensitization. In particular, in the Hip both CRF receptors showed significantly increased pkd kinase when the sensitization condition was established. Similarly, CRF2 receptor increa
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Regarding the effects of CRF
2021-08-13
Regarding the effects of CRF on anxiety, Sahuque et al. (2006) have demonstrated that this neuropeptide also enhances anxiety when injected into the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a nkcc inhibitor structure that has also been related to defensive behavior (Casada and Dafny, 1991, Chen
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Tozadenant The mechanism by which these HIV PIs impair
2021-08-13
The mechanism by which these HIV-PIs impair skeletal muscle palmitate transport and oxidation has been partially elucidated. CD36 (also referred to as fatty Tozadenant translocase; FAT) is a transmembrane protein involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) across cellular membranes.
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Our results show that COX
2021-08-13
Our results show that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition improve cognitive performance and decrease the neuronal insult during HH. However, when a neuroinflammatory response was observed, COX-1 inhibition was more effective than COX-2 inhibition at reducing microglial activation and augmenting pro-inflammat
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The dermal ECM also shows specificities During zebrafish emb
2021-08-13
The dermal ECM also shows specificities. During zebrafish embryogenesis, the epidermis is composed of the outer periderm and the inner basal keratinocytes, which are responsible for the initial deposition of ECM in the primitive acellular dermis [17].The dermal endothelial cells, a species-specific
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Cardiogenesis is enhanced with timely applicati http www ape
2021-08-13
Cardiogenesis is enhanced with timely application of Wnt pathway activators and inhibitors. A combination of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activators such as CHIR99021 and inhibitors such as IWP-2 and IWR-1 have been found to be highly efficient cardiomyocyte differentiation protocols [27], [28].
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HA activates its receptor channels to
2021-08-13
HA activates its receptor channels to cause an inward chloride flux in the insect nervous system (Hardie, 1989). Two genes encoding the subunits of these channels were first identified in D. melanogaster: one previously known as ort (also differently named as hclA, DM-HisCl-α1, hisCl2 and Dm HA-Cl I
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br Introduction Estrogens play an important
2021-08-13
Introduction Estrogens play an important role in the TNKS 22 (Arevalo et al., 2015). During several decades, estrogen withdrawal in women has been associated with cognitive impairment, increased Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk (Pike, 2017) and with psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (Kulk
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br Acknowledgements This study is sponsored by the
2021-08-13
Acknowledgements This study is sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51178161), 111 Project (grant no. B13024) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant no. 2017B00914) Introduction Highway and pavement engineers are facing concrete pavem
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The interaction of EPAC with Rim has an important role
2021-08-13
The interaction of EPAC2 with Rim1 has an important role in regulating neurotransmitter release. In addition, a recent EPAC2 knockout mice model study provides evidence that EPAC2 promotes transmitter release by maintaining the readily releasable pool (RRP) at mossy fiber (MF) synapses in the hippo
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br Conclusions We can conclude that Arg is important
2021-08-12
Conclusions We can conclude that Arg293 is important but not indispensable for MeGlcA recognition by EcXyn30A since the R293A variant still retains activity and preference for MeGlcA-substituted substrates. The substrate specificity of GH30_8 glucuronoxylanases is most probably determined by an o
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While we previously demonstrated that
2021-08-12
While we previously demonstrated that TraG is inhibited by specific transglycosylase inhibitors and that enzymatic activity is strongly reduced upon mutation of the potential catalytic core (Arends et al., 2013), the enzymatic mechanism of both domains was not assigned. Here, by mass spectrometry an
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Several molecular differences between visceral
2021-08-12
Several molecular differences between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue have been described. One of the most demarcating differences between adipose depots is the signature of developmental genes, including Hox, Shox, and T-box genes [12], [13]. Lineage tracing studies have revealed key devel
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In addition to tissue resident stromal and myeloid cell
2021-08-12
In addition to tissue-resident stromal and myeloid cell populations, ILCs also readily engage in positive-feedback loops with myeloid p2x7 recruited from the circulation. TNF-α produced by inflammatory monocytes recruited to the lungs of mice infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae markedly increased t
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