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br Agonist binding ETA activation is promoted by
2020-09-25
Agonist binding ETA activation is promoted by binding of the endogenous peptidergic agonists to their orthosteric binding site on the receptor. ET1 and ET2 (Trp6-Leu7-ET1) bind with equal high affinity to ETA, whereas the third endogenous isopeptide ET3 (Thr2-Phe4-Thr5-Tyr6-Lys7-Tyr14-ET1) binds
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Although several genomic technologies including the
2020-09-25
Although several genomic technologies, including the generation of ERRγ-specific knockout mice, have revealed that ERRγ plays a pivotal role in cellular bioenergetics [1], its involvement in other metabolic pathways has been appreciated only recently. Therefore, we highlight recent findings on the r
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The reduction of the calcium response to
2020-09-25
The reduction of the calcium response to AVP could be also due to a PKA-mediated effect of desensitization of IP3R, as described in rat megakaryocytes [41]. Furthermore, PKA activation inhibits intracellular Ca release in mouse pancreatic acinar cells [42] or in rat cerebellum [43]. The phosphorylat
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apomorphine In conclusion our findings suggested that EP rec
2020-09-25
In conclusion, our findings suggested that EP4 receptor activation triggers apoptosis in B-cell lymphoblasts. Our results also showed that EP4 receptor engagement inactivates NF-κB, which, in turn, sensitizes Ramos apomorphine to apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic agents. EP4 receptor agonists a
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mitotic inhibitors br Acknowledgements We thank Joseph Grang
2020-09-25
Acknowledgements We thank Joseph Granger and Bryan Neumann for careful reading of this manuscript. This work is supported by NIH grants AG37609 and HL 60306 to TYC and CCYC. Introduction Eleven million tonnes of waste are produced yearly by the European pulp and paper industry (Monte et al.,
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br Introduction Epithelial mesenchymal transition EMT is a
2020-09-25
Introduction Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process by which epithelial Adenosine 5-monophosphate receptor lose cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion, and gain mesenchymal features with an increase of migratory and invasive properties [1]. EMT is essential for mesoderm fo
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To elucidate whether the impact of hypoxia
2020-09-25
To elucidate whether the impact of hypoxia on EGFR expression is cell context specific or culturing density dependent, we chose the following cancer tetraethylammonium driven by EGFR and evaluated the EGFR expression after hypoxia treatment at different culturing density: a highly aggressive and po
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Although the amino acid sequences of CUL A
2020-09-25
Although the amino Cy5.5 NHS ester sequences of CUL4A and CUL4B share 82% identity, the existing studies have shown that these two proteins do not have significant functional redundancy. Elevated expression of CUL4A has been observed in a variety of cancer cells, such as breast cancer, ovarian cance
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br STAR Methods br Acknowledgments We are
2020-09-25
STAR★Methods Acknowledgments We are grateful to Matthias Mayer at ZMBH in Heidelberg for access to his CD-spectrometer and his help in data interpretation. Technical support by Wolfgang Weinig is gratefully acknowledged. This project was financially supported by the European Union as part of t
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Recent pharmaceutical research in the field of
2020-09-24
Recent pharmaceutical research in the field of respiratory diseases has sought to make available new agents that specifically and selectively antagonize the actions of cysteinyl–leukotrienes. Such an effort has resulted in the development of two classes of drugs, effective in counteracting Cys-LTs p
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Indeed some cancers may even
2020-09-24
Indeed, some cancers may even be defined by dysregulated cyclin and thus CDK activity: mantle cell lymphoma, an uncommon lymphoma of mature B cells, is defined by the presence of overexpressed cyclin D1, usually as a result of a translocation between chromosomes 11 and 14 with the net result that cy
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The on target in vitro pharmacology
2020-09-24
The on target in vitro pharmacology of 18 was then further explored, first in respect of murine CRTh2 receptor activity (Table 5), where similar levels of activity were found in both a binding and functional assay compared with the human orthologue, consistent with our earlier observations in the su
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The importance of G S phase progression to the formation
2020-09-24
The importance of G1–S phase progression to the formation of malignant tumors has been highlighted by the high incidence of aberrations in the genes involved in this progression in a wide variety of tumors. p27Kip1 is a member of the Cip/Kip family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKI). Its ro
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br Methods Adult male B
2020-09-24
Methods Adult male B6, 129 CRHtklee mice (25–30g at the beginning of the experiments) that were wild-type (CRF1R+/+) and recessive homozygous or knockout (CRF1R−/−) were housed six per cage. Mice were 3–5months old and derived from mating CRF1R+/− breeders (Jackson Laboratory, California). Wild-t
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br Introduction The dopaminergic system and its
2020-09-24
Introduction The dopaminergic system and its projections including both the prefrontal cmk (PFC) and striatum are known as being crucial to synaptic plasticity, skill acquisition and higher order functions (e.g., working memory and cognitive control; Matsumoto et al., 2003). Variations in dopami
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