• The androgen receptor gene AR is located on the X

  2024-08-30

  

  The androgen receptor gene (AR) is located on the X-chromosome and consists of eight exons in humans (Brown et al., 1989; Kuiper et al., 1989). The similar gene structure in mice, monotremes and marsupials indicates AR is highly conserved in mammals (Choong et al., 1998; Faber et al., 1991; He et al

• br Conflict of interest statement br Introduction Tanshinone

  2024-08-30

  

  Conflict of interest statement Introduction Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a major active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza), a well-known Chinese traditional medicine that is used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases [1]. Tan IIA exhibits diverse pharm

• Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Complex mesylate br Effects of BCA

  2024-08-30

  

  Effects of BCAAs on glucose metabolism Insulin plays an exclusive role in regulation of glucose metabolism, and obesity and type 2 diabetes induce hyperinsulinemia due to insulin resistance. Plasma BCAA concentrations are increased by 14–20% in patients with hyperinsulinemia under overnight fast

• Salvia the largest genus in the family Lamiaceae comprises

  2024-08-30

  

  Salvia, the largest genus in the family Lamiaceae, comprises over 900 species that are distributed globally [14], [15], [16]. The genus Salvia has been assessed in many studies because it is a rich source of polyphenol compounds, of which more than 160 have been isolated from plants in the genus, so

• br Results br Discussion Tapinarof GSK is a naturally

  2024-08-30

  

  Results Discussion Tapinarof (GSK2894512) is a naturally derived investigational topical medicine with demonstrated clinical efficacy for patients with AD and psoriasis (Bissonnette et al., 2010, Bissonnette et al., 2012a). The drug substance is a polyphenol produced by bacteria that is struct

• br Mechanisms for regulation of intracellular

  2024-08-30

  

  Mechanisms for regulation of intracellular cholesterol homeostasis Cells maintain intracellular free cholesterol levels and distribution within stringent tolerances by several mechanisms [55]: (1) uptake of native LDL (the major extracellular carrier of cholesterol) by LDL receptors and modified

• HT modulates cortical and hippocampal pyramidal cell functio

  2024-08-30

  

  5-HT modulates cortical and hippocampal pyramidal cell function in a very complex manner, since most 5-HT receptor subtypes (excitatory as well as inhibitory) are expressed on pyramidal Y-27632 as well as GABAergic interneurons that exert inhibitory control over pyramidal cells (Leiser et al., 2015

• Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are pro

  2024-08-30

  

  Eicosanoids are locally acting signaling lipids that are produced from C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic Cryptochlorogenic acid (AA, C20:4), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5) and eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3) (Dennis and Norris, 2015; Funk, 2001; Stables and Gilroy, 2011). Ac

• br Conclusion The HT receptor family

  2024-08-30

  

  Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless Baicalin (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function); molecular biology

• Because the V ATPase inhibitors that have been employed in

  2024-08-30

  

  Because the V-ATPase inhibitors that have been employed in these studies (including bafilomycin and concanamycin), are membrane permeant, they inhibit all the V-ATPases in the cell. This is important since it is possible that intracellular V-ATPases, in addition to those present at the plasma membra

• Because of the formation of

  2024-08-30

  

  Because of the formation of phosphoenzyme intermediates, the enzymatic INF39 of P-ATPases can be divided into steps that include a kinase activity, by which an aspartate residue on the enzyme is phosphorylated, and a phosphatase activity, by which the phosphoenzyme is dephosphorylated. Another comm

• Herbal medicines have been used to

  2024-08-29

  

  Herbal medicines have been used to treat various types of diseases and disorders for thousands of years worldwide (Li and Brown, 2009). Natural products have been the remedy of cancer chemotherapy for the past several decades. Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), commonly known as 'yu-chen-tsa

• br Activity and expression of aromatase in

  2024-08-29

  

  Activity and expression of aromatase in the hippocampus The brain, like the adrenals, gonads and the placenta, is a steroidogenic organ. This paradigm emerged from studies carried out as early as the 1980s by Baulieu and co-workers; these studies showed that steroids such as pregnenolone and dehy

• In light of several reports of defects

  2024-08-29

  

  In light of several reports of defects in memory-related tasks for the dysbindin-deficient mice (Cox et al., 2009, Takao et al., 2008), it was rather unexpected that an enhancement of CA3–CA1 LTP was observed in our investigation as well as in another independent study (T.T. Tang et al., 2009). The

• br The lipoxygenase pathway in diseases of the

  2024-08-29

  

  The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in diseases of the nervous system Conclusions and future perspectives Arachidonic Wiskostatin australia and other polyunsaturated fatty acids, and their lipid metabolites, play very important roles in human health and disease. This review has outlined the functi

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