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In our studies of leucine and BCH in
2025-01-23

In our studies of leucine and BCH in pancreatic islets and clonal insulin cell lines, we noticed that leucine was a slightly stronger stimulant of insulin release. Previous studies showed that leucine can be metabolized to CO2[11], [12], [13], [14] and can increase acetoacetate in pancreatic islets
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Fig summarizes the oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid
2025-01-23

Fig. 1 summarizes the oxidative metabolism of arachidonic bupropion hydrochloride brand name by lipoxygenases cyclooxygenases and cytochrome P450. Lipoxygenases in humans are expressed in a tissue-specific fashion: 5-LOX is mainly expressed in leukocytes, 12-LOX in platelets, and 15-LOX-1 in retic
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Another heroic set of studies combining retrodialysis with e
2025-01-23

Another heroic set of studies combining retrodialysis with electrophysiological recording at two distinct brain sites further indicated that the estradiol-induced increase in auditory-evoked firing in NCM also enhanced the selectivity of auditory-evoked responses in the downstream sensorimotor nucle
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There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and
2025-01-23

There is a delicate balance between ROS generation and scavenging by the protective antioxidant defenses in the cell. Antioxidant systems present in the 13148 include enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalases, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (PRxs) (Fig. 3) [38]. SODs are
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br Material and methods br
2025-01-23

Material and methods Results Discussion Although we were not able to detect 12/15-LOX mRNA in the lungs of 12/15-LOX knockout mice substantial amounts of 15-HETE could be detected in BALF. In fact, significant synthesis of 15-HETE in 12/15-LOX mice have been already reported [17]. The redun
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Tephrosia purpurea Linn pers Fabaceae
2025-01-23

Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) pers, (Fabaceae), a widely growing herbaceous perennial is reported to exhibit significant anti-hyperglycemic activity in animal models [7], [8], [9] as well as able to delay the development of diabetic complications [10], [11]. Recently, we have reported T. purpurea for i
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PKA signalling in the http www apexbt
2025-01-22

PKA signalling in the nucleus was thought to be due to the translocation of the catalytic subunit upon activation from the Hepcidin to the nucleus via diffusion [72]. However, a new understanding has emerged, as both the regulatory and catalytic subunits have been identified in the nucleus and func
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Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels
2025-01-22

Numerous studies have reported high glutamate levels in the brains of patients with depression, indicating that the glutamate system plays a crucial role in depression (Sanacora et al., 2004; Kendell et al., 2005; Hashimoto et al., 2007). Furthermore, several clinically effective antidepressant drug
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It is well known that
2025-01-22

It is well known that the thymus plays an important function in the complex pathogenesis and perpetuation of MG. We compared resistin levels between patients with MG with or without thymoma and found that those with thymoma had higher levels than those without thymoma. It has been previously recogni
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Introduction Cancer which is responsible for a million death
2025-01-22

Introduction Cancer, which is responsible for a million deaths each year, is universally feared, and approximately 50% of newly diagnosed cases can be cured [1]. The existing cancer treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or a combination of them, are quickly losing efficacy. The
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br The embryological and physiological roles
2025-01-22

The embryological and physiological roles of ATX ATX is a vital enzyme that is needed for early embryological development. ATX knockout (KO) (ENPP2−/−) embryos die in utero on average at day 9.5 with vascular and neural tube defects [30], [73], [74], [75]. In these mice, malformations in the alla
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Thus phosphorylation of p was used to measure
2025-01-22

Thus, phosphorylation of p38 was used to measure the intracellular potency of ASK1 inhibitors. In this assay, HEK293/AP-1luc ponceau stain expressing human full-length ASK1 were incubated with compound for 18 h and then lysed and the level of phospho-p38 was quantified using the HTRF assay [33].
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Levonorgestrel Arginases from several species and tissues
2025-01-22

Arginases from several species and tissues have been found to be inhibited by amino acids [51]. In the present study, monocarboxyilic amino acids with five or more carbon atoms such as ornithine, lysine, valine, leucine and isoleucine inhibited CL-ARG. The results revealed that as the amino Levonorg
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In our approach using BRET and FRET there
2025-01-22

In our approach using BRET and FRET, there is a substantial increase in BRET and FRET signals between Giα2 or Giα3-YFP and CFP- Gγ2/Rluc-Gγ2 upon apelin-13 activation, indicating that Gαi2, Gαi3 and N-terminus of Gβ1γ2 subunits become closer without subunit dissociation. In contrast, both the FRET a
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Adenosine 5-monophosphate br The pathogenesis of AD and the
2025-01-22

The pathogenesis of AD and the targets of apelin Alzheimer's drugs Conclusions Introduction APJ, first identified from a human genomic library in 1993, belongs to a member of seven trans-membrane G protein-coupled receptor family. Its amino Adenosine 5-monophosphate sequence has 31% hom
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